How To Create Web

Learn About PHP - Control Structure ifelse

2008-05-23T00:24:00.000-07:00

elseif, as its name suggests, is a combination of if and else. Like else, it extends an if statement to execute a different statement in case the original if expression evaluates to FALSE. However, unlike else, it will execute that alternative expression only if the elseif conditional expression evaluates to TRUE. For example, the following code would display a is bigger than b, a equal to b or a is smaller than b:

Learn About PHP - Control Structure else

2008-05-22T23:33:00.000-07:00

Often you'd want to execute a statement if a certain condition is met, and a different statement if the condition is not met. This is what else is for. else extends an if statement to execute a statement in case the expression in the if statement evaluates to FALSE. For example, the following code would display a is bigger than b if $a is bigger than $b, and a is NOT bigger than b otherwise:

Learn About PHP - Control Structure If

2008-05-22T20:13:00.000-07:00

The if construct is one of the most important features of many languages, PHP included. It allows for conditional execution of code fragments. PHP features an if structure that is similar to that of C:

As described in the section about expressions, expression is evaluated to its Boolean value. If expression evaluates to TRUE, PHP will execute statement, and if it evaluates to FALSE - it'll ignore it. More information about what values evaluate to FALSE can be found in the 'Converting to boolean' section.

The following example would display a is bigger than b if $a is bigger than $b:

Often you'd want to have more than one statement to be executed conditionally. Of course, there's no need to wrap each statement with an if clause. Instead, you can group several statements into a statement group. For example, this code would display a is bigger than b if $a is bigger than $b, and would then assign the value of $a into $b:

Learn About PHP - Dealing with Forms

2008-05-14T21:42:00.000-07:00

One of the most powerful features of PHP is the way it handles HTML forms. The basic concept that is important to understand is that any form element will automatically be available to your PHP scripts. Please read the manual section on Variables from outside of PHP for more information and examples on using forms with PHP. Here is an example HTML form:

????? 2-6. A simple HTML form

There is nothing special about this form. It is a straight HTML form with no special tags of any kind. When the user fills in this form and hits the submit button, the action.php page is called. In this file you would write something like this:

????? 2-7. Printing data from our form

A sample output of this script may be:

Hi Joe. You are 22 years old.

It should be obvious what this does. There is nothing more to it. The $_POST['name'] and $_POST['age'] variables are automatically set for you by PHP. Earlier we used the $_SERVER autoglobal; above we just introduced the $_POST autoglobal which contains all POST data. Notice how the method of our form is POST. If we used the method GET then our form information would live in the $_GET autoglobal instead. You may also use the $_REQUEST autoglobal, if you do not care about the source of your request data. It contains the merged information of GET, POST and COOKIE data. Also see the import_request_variables() function.

You can also deal with XForms input in PHP, although you will find yourself comfortable with the well supported HTML forms for quite some time. While working with XForms is not for beginners, you might be interested in them. We also have a short introduction to handling data received from XForms in our features section.

Learn About PHP - First learn about PHP

2008-05-14T01:17:00.000-07:00

Create a file named hello.php and put it in your web server's root directory (DOCUMENT_ROOT) with the following content:

????? 2-1. Our first PHP script: hello.phpUse your browser to access the file with your web server's URL, ending with the "/hello.php" file reference. When developing locally this URL will be something like http://localhost/hello.php or http://127.0.0.1/hello.php but this depends on the web server's configuration. If everything is configured correctly, this file will be parsed by PHP and the following output will be sent to your browser:

This program is extremely simple and you really did not need to use PHP to create a page like this. All it does is display: Hello World using the PHP echo() statement. Note that the file does not need to be executable or special in any way. The server finds out that this file needs to be interpreted by PHP because you used the ".php" extension, which the server is configured to pass on to PHP. Think of this as a normal HTML file which happens to have a set of special tags available to you that do a lot of interesting things.

If you tried this example and it did not output anything, it prompted for download, or you see the whole file as text, chances are that the server you are on does not have PHP enabled, or is not configured properly. Ask your administrator to enable it for you using the Installation chapter of the manual. If you are developing locally, also read the installation chapter to make sure everything is configured properly. Make sure that you access the file via http with the server providing you the output. If you just call up the file from your file system, then it will not be parsed by PHP. If the problems persist anyway, do not hesitate to use one of the many PHP support options.

The point of the example is to show the special PHP tag format. In this example we used to indicate the start of a PHP tag. Then we put the PHP statement and left PHP mode by adding the closing tag, ?>. You may jump in and out of PHP mode in an HTML file like this anywhere you want. For more details, read the manual section on the basic PHP syntax.

A Note on Text Editors: There are many text editors and Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) that you can use to create, edit and manage PHP files. A partial list of these tools is maintained at PHP Editors List. If you wish to recommend an editor, please visit the above page and ask the page maintainer to add the editor to the list. Having an editor with syntax highlighting can be helpful.

A Note on Word Processors: Word processors such as StarOffice Writer, Microsoft Word and Abiword are not optimal for editing PHP files. If you wish to use one for this test script, you must ensure that you save the file as plain text or PHP will not be able to read and execute the script.

A Note on Windows Notepad: If you are writing your PHP scripts using Windows Notepad, you will need to ensure that your files are saved with the .php extension. (Notepad adds a .txt extension to files automatically unless you take one of the following steps to prevent it.) When you save the file and are prompted to provide a name for the file, place the filename in quotes (i.e. "hello.php"). Alternatively, you can click on the 'Text Documents' drop-down menu in the 'Save' dialog box and change the setting to "All Files". You can then enter your filename without quotes.

Now that you have successfully created a working PHP script, it is time to create the most famous PHP script! Make a call to the phpinfo() function and you will see a lot of useful information about your system and setup such as available predefined variables, loaded PHP modules, and configuration settings. Take some time and review this important information.

Learn About PHP - What I do need?

2008-05-14T01:14:00.000-07:00

In this tutorial we assume that your server has activated support for PHP and that all files ending in .php are handled by PHP. On most servers, this is the default extension for PHP files, but ask your server administrator to be sure. If your server supports PHP, then you do not need to do anything. Just create your .php files, put them in your web directory and the server will automatically parse them for you. There is no need to compile anything nor do you need to install any extra tools. Think of these PHP-enabled files as simple HTML files with a whole new family of magical tags that let you do all sorts of things. Most web hosts offer PHP support, but if your host does not, consider reading the PHP Links section for resources on finding PHP enabled web hosts.

Let us say you want to save precious bandwidth and develop locally. In this case, you will want to install a web server, such as Apache, and of course PHP. You will most likely want to install a database as well, such as MySQL.

You can either install these individually or choose a simpler way. Our manual has installation instructions for PHP (assuming you already have some webserver set up). In case you have problems with installing PHP yourself, we would suggest you ask your questions on our installation mailing list. If you choose to go on the simpler route, then locate a pre-configured package for your operating system, which automatically installs all of these with just a few mouse clicks. It is easy to setup a web server with PHP support on any operating system, including MacOSX, Linux and Windows. On Linux, you may find rpmfind and PBone helpful for locating RPMs. You may also want to visit apt-get to find packages for Debian.

Learn About PHP - What can PHP do?

2008-05-14T00:59:00.000-07:00

Anything. PHP is mainly focused on server-side scripting, so you can do anything any other CGI program can do, such as collect form data, generate dynamic page content, or send and receive cookies. But PHP can do much more.

There are three main areas where PHP scripts are used.

Server-side scripting. This is the most traditional and main target field for PHP. You need three things to make this work. The PHP parser (CGI or server module), a webserver and a web browser. You need to run the webserver, with a connected PHP installation. You can access the PHP program output with a web browser, viewing the PHP page through the server. All these can run on your home machine if you are just experimenting with PHP programming. See the installation instructions section for more information.
Command line scripting. You can make a PHP script to run it without any server or browser. You only need the PHP parser to use it this way. This type of usage is ideal for scripts regularly executed using cron (on *nix or Linux) or Task Scheduler (on Windows). These scripts can also be used for simple text processing tasks. See the section about Command line usage of PHP for more information.
Writing desktop applications. PHP is probably not the very best language to create a desktop application with a graphical user interface, but if you know PHP very well, and would like to use some advanced PHP features in your client-side applications you can also use PHP-GTK to write such programs. You also have the ability to write cross-platform applications this way. PHP-GTK is an extension to PHP, not available in the main distribution.

PHP can be used on all major operating systems, including Linux, many Unix variants (including HP-UX, Solaris and OpenBSD), Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, RISC OS, and probably others. PHP has also support for most of the web servers today. This includes Apache, Microsoft Internet Information Server, Personal Web Server, Netscape and iPlanet servers, Oreilly Website Pro server, Caudium, Xitami, OmniHTTPd, and many others. For the majority of the servers PHP has a module, for the others supporting the CGI standard, PHP can work as a CGI processor.

So with PHP, you have the freedom of choosing an operating system and a web server. Furthermore, you also have the choice of using procedural programming or object oriented programming, or a mixture of them. Although not every standard OOP feature is implemented in PHP 4, many code libraries and large applications (including the PEAR library) are written only using OOP code. PHP 5 fixes the OOP related weaknesses of PHP 4, and introduces a complete object model.

With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. PHP's abilities includes outputting images, PDF files and even Flash movies (using libswf and Ming) generated on the fly. You can also output easily any text, such as XHTML and any other XML file. PHP can autogenerate these files, and save them in the file system, instead of printing it out, forming a server-side cache for your dynamic content.

One of the strongest and most significant features in PHP is its support for a wide range of databases. Writing a database-enabled web page is incredibly simple. The following databases are currently supported:

Adabas D InterBase PostgreSQL
dBase FrontBase SQLite
Empress mSQL Solid
FilePro (read-only) Direct MS-SQL Sybase
Hyperwave MySQL Velocis
IBM DB2 ODBC Unix dbm
Informix Oracle (OCI7 and OCI8)
Ingres Ovrimos

We also have a DBX database abstraction extension allowing you to transparently use any database supported by that extension. Additionally PHP supports ODBC, the Open Database Connection standard, so you can connect to any other database supporting this world standard.

PHP also has support for talking to other services using protocols such as LDAP, IMAP, SNMP, NNTP, POP3, HTTP, COM (on Windows) and countless others. You can also open raw network sockets and interact using any other protocol. PHP has support for the WDDX complex data exchange between virtually all Web programming languages. Talking about interconnection, PHP has support for instantiation of Java objects and using them transparently as PHP objects. You can also use our CORBA extension to access remote objects.

PHP has extremely useful text processing features, from the POSIX Extended or Perl regular expressions to parsing XML documents. For parsing and accessing XML documents, PHP 4 supports the SAX and DOM standards, and you can also use the XSLT extension to transform XML documents. PHP 5 standardizes all the XML extensions on the solid base of libxml2 and extends the feature set adding SimpleXML and XMLReader support.

While using PHP in the e-commerce field, you'll find the Cybercash payment, CyberMUT, VeriSign Payflow Pro and MCVE functions useful for your online payment programs.

At last but not least, we have many other interesting extensions, the mnoGoSearch search engine functions, the IRC Gateway functions, many compression utilities (gzip, bz2), calendar conversion, translation...

Learn About PHP - What is PHP?

2008-05-13T20:12:00.000-07:00

PHP (recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") is a widely-used Open Source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML.

Simple answer, but what does that mean? An example:

1-1. An introductory example:

Notice how this is different from a script written in other languages like Perl or C -- instead of writing a program with lots of commands to output HTML, you write an HTML script with some embedded code to do something (in this case, output some text). The PHP code is enclosed in special start and end tags that allow you to jump into and out of "PHP mode".

What distinguishes PHP from something like client-side JavaScript is that the code is executed on the server. If you were to have a script similar to the above on your server, the client would receive the results of running that script, with no way of determining what the underlying code may be. You can even configure your web server to process all your HTML files with PHP, and then there's really no way that users can tell what you have up your sleeve.

The best things in using PHP are that it is extremely simple for a newcomer, but offers many advanced features for a professional programmer. Don't be afraid reading the long list of PHP's features. You can jump in, in a short time, and start writing simple scripts in a few hours.

Start Editing Your Files in Dreamweaver

2008-05-12T02:43:00.000-07:00

As the image below displays, once you click "Done" in the previous step you'll be in a blank Dreamweaver page. Simply start building your site and saving the files. Dreamweaver will then upload them to the correct location when you transfer the files.

Your Site Now Appears in the Manage Sites Window with Macromedia Dreamweaver

2008-05-12T02:37:00.000-07:00

To start editing pages in your site, highlight the site name, and click "Done".

Review Your Site Definition with Macromedia Dreamweaver

2008-05-12T02:29:00.000-07:00

You're almost done, but first make sure that you didn't make any typos or other mistakes in your site definition. When you're ready, click "Done".

Site Check-out and Check-in with Macromedia Dreamweaver

2008-05-12T02:24:00.000-07:00

Another feature that Dreamweaver offers is the ability to control access to your files through check in and check out. You should only need this if you have numerous people accessing the same site. Otherwise, choose "No, do not enable check in and check out."

Test Your Connection in Macromedia Dreamweaver

2008-05-12T02:14:00.000-07:00

Fill in the details to connect to your Web hosting provider's FTP site. If you don't know what those details are, you should contact your hosting technical support.

Always test the connection. Many people forget this step, or think it's not important. But if you haven't tested it, you'll have to get something up on the Web site immediately and it will break. That's a guarantee.

Defining Access to Your Dreamweaver Site

2008-05-12T01:36:00.000-07:00

Dreamweaver provides many different ways to access your Web site. FTP is the most common, so choose that and move on to the next step.

Where Should You Edit Your Dreamweaver Site Files

2008-05-12T01:29:00.000-07:00

One nice thing about Dreamweaver is that it is possible to edit the files directly on the Web server, which cuts down on the time it can take to edit files. But this is less secure, as you can't make any mistakes when you edit files right on the server. So choose "Edit local copies on my machine...". Dreamweaver suggests a location to store the site files. I usually don't change that.

How to Create a New Web Site Using Macromedia Dreamweaver

2008-05-12T01:24:00.000-07:00

Dreamweaver integrates quite easily with server technologies such as ColdFusion and ASP, but for the sake of this tutorial, choose "No, I do not want to use a server technology."

How To Create New Web with Macromedia Dreamweaver

2008-05-12T01:14:00.000-07:00

The first thing you need to do is name your site. It helps to give it a name that is both meaningful to you and describes the site. Dreamweaver recommends "My Site" but this is often very vague. If it's a personal site, I would use your name as the site name e.g. "My Site".
Don't worry about the instructions to create an FTP server connection.

Open Dreamweaver and Start Site

2008-05-12T01:02:00.000-07:00

When working with Macromedia Dreamweaver MX for the first time, or on a new site for the first time, you need to define the Web site so that Dreamweaver can work with it. This process includes naming the site, placing the local files on a directory on your hard drive, and showing Dreamweaver where those files will be published on the Web. Follow these easy instructions to define a new Web site for Dreamweaver MX.

First, you should go to the "Site" menu and choose "Manage Sites".

As you can see from the image below, this will open a dialog window. Choose "New Site" from the "New" button.

Image Maps

2008-05-10T19:25:00.000-07:00

Before you create an image map, you need to make sure that your server supports them. Then, you can follow these steps. First, you need to create an image. Draw a picture with sections that could lead to certain places. Second, you need to create an image map file. There are several programs that can do this for you. I recommend WebMap, for the Mac. You can go to Yahoo's Image Map Directory for others

Linking with graphics

2008-05-10T19:06:00.000-07:00

Sometimes on your web page, you might want to have a graphic that is a link. This is quite simple, since you just mix the two commands of linking, and displaying graphics. Here is an example of a graphic that leads to Yahoo:

You can also have a text link next to the graphic that leads to the same place.

Yahoo!

Here is what you would type in for, first the plain graphic-link, and second, the graphic-link with text:

< a href="http://www.yahoo.com">< img src="http://www.infhost.com/members/web/Images/yahoo.gif" />< /a >
< a href="http://www.yahoo.com/">< img src="http://www.infhost.com/members/web/Images/yahoo.gif" />Yahoo!< /a >

Background Graphics

2008-05-10T19:03:00.000-07:00

Instead of having a solid color as a background, you might want to have one graphic that repeats over and over to create a background. Here are several places that you can go to find background graphics. The text that you would type in for a background called "bk.gif" would be:
< background="bk.gif">

Background, text, and link Color

2008-05-10T18:42:00.000-07:00

On most pages, you want to have a specific color for the background, text, unvisited links, visited links, and active links. In order to do this, you need to find the code number for the specific color that you are looking for. Here is a HUGE list of code numbers, and here is how you would display this in your page. NOTE: Type these ONLY right below your title. NOTE: You must have the "#" sign before the actual code.

< bgcolor="#code">for background color
< text="#code">for color of text (all non-links)
< link="#code">for color of unvisited links
< vlink="#code">for color of visited links
< alink="#code">for color of active links (while being selected)

You can also string two or more of these commands together:

< bgcolor="#000015" text="#000020" link="#000050" vlink="#7a7777" alink="#8f8e8d">

Animated Graphics

2008-05-10T18:37:00.000-07:00

Some people like to put animation on their web pages. It actually is not that hard. Here is some background history. Most GIFs over the years have only one image per file. According to "technical specifications from 1987", a GIF could have had more than one image per file, making it like a slide show presentation and not a single image. However, most programs that work with GIF are designed around the idea of one image per file. So the multi-image aspect of GIFs was forgotten. In 1989, they added timing and various other abilities to the GIF format, including transparency. Nobody used these new additions either. Then the Web took off. Transparency and interlacing became features people wanted to use and software companies began supporting those features. In order to have animation on your web page, you need to download a program that was made to fit more that one GIF in a file. I recommend GifBuilder for the Mac. Windows users can go here to download another program. Here is one example of a small animation:

Alternate Text for Images

2008-05-10T18:35:00.000-07:00

Some World Wide Web browsers cannot display images. Some users turn off image loading even if their software can display images (especially if they are using a modem or have a slow connection). HTML provides a command to tell readers what they are missing on your pages. The "ALT" attribute lets you specify text to be displayed instead of an image. For example:

< src="pic.gif" alt="How to make a web page">

In this example, "pic.gif" is the picture of a sign. With graphics-capable viewers that have image-loading turned on, you see the graphic. With a non-graphic browser or if image-loading is turned off, the words "How to make a web page" is shown in your window. You should try to include alternate text for each image you use in your document, as it is a courtesy for your readers.

Putting Images On A Page

2008-05-10T17:56:00.000-07:00

On almost EVERY web page on the net, there is some kind of graphic. I would HIGHLY RECOMMEND that you have AT LEAST one picture on your page. There are mainly two kinds of ways to have graphics on your web page. The first, is to use a graphic that is on another web page somewhere on the web. The second, is to upload the graphic to your own account. Personally, I prefer to use the upload method. If you are using the other way, there is always a chance that the person who made that page will decide to delete that graphic. Then a symbol with a circle, square, and triangle will appear where the graphic was supposed to be, sometimes it will look like it has been torn through the middle:

1)
To display a graphic on some one else's page, you need to find the URL. To do this, I recommend that you have Netscape Navigator. Right click or click and hold down on the graphic, until a menu comes up. Choose "View this Image". Then , copy the URL that appears at the top of the screen, in the "location" box. Let's say that the URL was: http://www.infhost.com/members/web/Images/pic.gif You would type:

< IMG SRC="http://www.infhost.com/members/web/Images/pic.gif" >

The result is:

2)
To display a graphic that is in your account, all you have to do is type in the filename. If you didn't make separate directories for graphics and pages, then you just need to type the graphic's name.(i.e. < IMG SRC="pic.gif" >

Make Mailto Links Linking

2008-05-10T17:53:00.000-07:00

Most people like to have a link on their web page that automatically sends e-mail to an address. If you want to do this, and your name is Dan, and your e-mail address is a@a.com, type:

< a href="mailto:a@a.com" >Email< /a >

Here is the result of typing this:
Email

Make Links to Specific Sections Linking

2008-05-10T17:48:00.000-07:00

Sometimes, you might want to have a link that will take you further down a page, or to a certain section of another page. An example of this is the index to this web page. You click on the colored text, and it takes you to that section. To do this, you need to do two things. The first, is to make the link, and the second, is to make where the link will lead to. NOTE: You cannot make links to specific sections within a different document unless either you have write permission to the coded source of that document or that document already contains in-document named links.
1) To make the actual link, think of a name for the certain spot. Let's say you are going to call it "spot". If this certain spot is on the same page that the link is, you would type:

< href="#spot">Colored Text
Otherwise, you would add "#spot" to the end of the URL.

2) Now, you need to make where the link will take you. Go to the spot where you want the link to take you, and type:
< name = "spot">

Make URLs Linking

2008-05-10T17:43:00.000-07:00

When you make a link, you are making colored text or even a graphic (talked about later). When somebody clicks on this text, it will take them to another web page, or possibly a certain section of a web page. Let's say that you wanted to make a link from your web page, to Yahoo!. The URL of Yahoo! is:
http://www.yahoo.com
To do this, you would type:

< href="http://www.yahoo.com/">What ever text that you want to be colored goes here< /a >

The result would be:

What ever text that you want to be colored goes here

Make Character Formatting TEXT

2008-05-10T17:04:00.001-07:00

You may want to format some of your text differently than others using text styles. There are several types of styles of text that you can use: bold, italic, underline, ~~strikeout~~, ^superscript, _subscript, teletype, and blinking text are examples. To do these styles, surround your text with the following commands:

< b >, < /b >for bold

< i >, < /i >for italic

< u >, < /u >for underlined

< strike >, < strike> for strikeout

< sup>, < /sup >for superscript

< sub >, < /sub >for subscript

< tt >, < /tt >for teletype

< blink >, < /blink >for blinking text (very annoying)

~~You can also mix styles together like this!~~

Make Horizontal Rules TEXT

2008-05-10T16:56:00.000-07:00

Every now and then, you might want to have a horizontal rule, or line in your page. Horizontal rules can be many different sizes and lengths. You can also have the line be solid black, by typing NOSHADE. Here are several examples of sizes and widths, and what the outcome is:

< HR SIZE=1 WIDTH=100% >

< HR SIZE=5 WIDTH=50% >

< HR SIZE=25 WIDTH=75% >

< HR SIZE=3 WIDTH=100% >

< HR NOSHADE SIZE=1 WIDTH=100% >

< HR NOSHADE SIZE=3 WIDTH=100% >

< HR NOSHADE SIZE=10 WIDTH=20% >

Make Forced Line Breaks TEXT

2008-05-10T16:52:00.000-07:00

There are many cases in which you want to end typing on one line, and start on the next. To do this, you can use a simple HTML command. This is one of the few commands that you don't have to put an ending command on. Let's say that you wanted to say "Hello, how are you?", but with each word on a separate line. All you have to type is:

Hello,< BR >how< BR >are< BR >you?

The outcome is:

Hello,

how

are

you?

Make List TEXT

2008-05-10T16:42:00.000-07:00

There are two types of lists that you can make in HTML, dotted, and numbered. To make a dotted list of: red, orange, green, blue, purple, black, and brown, type:
< ul >
< li > red
< li > orange
< li > green
< li > blue
< li > purple
< li > black
< li > brown
< /ul >

The result is:

red
orange
green
blue
purple
black
brown

To make a numbered list of: red, orange, green, blue, purple, black, and brown, type:

< ol >
< li > red
< li > orange
< li > green
< li > blue
< li > purple
< li > black
< li > brown
< /ol >

The result looks like:

red
orange
green
blue
purple
black
brown

Make Paragraphs TEXT

2008-05-10T16:37:00.000-07:00

Paragraphs
Whenever you have more than a sentence of writing, you should have paragraphs. Personally, I don't see what the difference is, but I do it anyway, because then I can find a certain spot better when programing. To Make a paragraph of "This is a web page. How do you like what I've done? Please e-mail me with any suggestions at a@a.com", type:

<>This is a web page. How do you like what I've done? Please e-mail me with any suggestions at a@a.com< /P >

The outcome is:

This is a web page. How do you like what I've done? Please e-mail me with any suggestions at a@a.com

Make Headings TEXT

2008-05-10T16:28:00.000-07:00

HTML has six levels of headings, numbered 1 through 6, with 1 being the largest. Headings are displayed in larger, or smaller fonts, and usually bolder. If you wanted to type "Hello", this is what you would type for each heading, and what the outcome is:

< h1 >Hello< /h1 >

Hello

< h2 >Hello< /h2>

Hello

< h3 >Hello< /h3>

Hello

< h4 >Hello< /h4>

Hello

< h5 >Hello< /h5>

Hello

< h6 >Hello< /h6>

Hello

Make TITLE

2008-05-10T01:46:00.000-07:00

The first thing to put on your web page, is a title. The title is what will show up in the very top of the window. Let's say that your title is going to be "John Doe's Web Page", you would type:

< title >John Doe's Web Page< /title >

In HTML, every command is surrounded by <'s, and >'s. And in most commands, you need to tell the web browser when to end this command. You do this by putting a back slash (/) in front of the ending command, as in above. Since HTML isn't case sensitive,

Getting Start

2008-05-10T01:04:00.000-07:00

There are basically two ways to make a web page. The first way is to create the page(s) offline and then upload them to your Internet Service Provider (ISP) via FTP. The second way is to create your web page(s) online using a Telnet program by accessing your UNIX account, if you have one.

If you are creating your web page(s) offline, do so in any text editing or word processing document. Make sure that when you save your document, you save it as a "text", "plain text" or "text only" document. Otherwise it will not be read properly by a web browser. Once you have created your page(s), you will need to contact your ISP about how to go about uploading them to your server.

If you have a UNIX account, you can create your web page(s) online. You first need to get a program that can access your UNIX account. I recommend Telnet for the Mac or Ewan for Windows 95/98.

Once you can access your account, you need to make a new directory called "public_html". You can do this by typing:

mkdir public_html

After this, change your directory to this new directory called "public_html".

cd public_html

If you want to, you can make other directories, one for all the web pages that you make, and one for all of the graphics that you have. Follow the same steps as above to do this.

Next, you need to think of a filename for your page (this is not a title, but what will be in the URL). A common filename for a main web page, is "index". Once you've decided on this, add ".html" to the end of it. Then type (i.e.)

pico index.html

Of course, use your page's filename, instead of this one. Next, you need to gain some knowledge of the many HTML commands. Lucky for you, I've already gotten some of the basic commands for you. Follow the index below, to decide what to put on your page, and how to do it. Once you've gotten started, exit your page. You can do this by pressing control-x. Then you need to type:

chmod 744 index.html

Only do this with the filename of your page. You only need to do this the very first time that you leave your web page. This command will make sure that nobody else can delete your page. You will need to do this to any other pages that you make in the future. Then, look at your page on the WWW. Lets say that your server is "www.domain.com", your username is "username", and the name of your page is "index.html". The URL would normally be:

http://www.domain.com/~username/index.html

However, you will need to contact your ISP for your URL.

If you have made separate directories for pages and graphics, then you need to include that in the URL also. Lets say that you made a directory for all of your web pages, called "Pages". The new URL would be: http://www.domain.com/~username/Pages/index.html

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Empress	mSQL	Solid
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